Monday, 16th April 2012
EcoTourism Assignment
Ms. Derinta’s
Class
Sahasrakirana
Narendradhipa
NIM: 2011240011
Question:
1) Bagaimanakah
cara mengembangkan daerah wisata saat ini dengan keadaan indonesia yang
sekarang ini selalu mengalami bencana alam seperti banjir dan longsor
di beberapa daerah
Answer:
Tourism is “all temporary visits to another region
(domestic) or country (international) lasting more than 24 hours.” This includes visits for holidays, sport,
education religion, business and visits to family and friends.
A natural disaster is “a natural event with catastrophic
consequences for living things in the vicinity.” It can affect tourism for
obvious reasons as it destroys the natural environment and the things which the
industry relies on.
Creation of a Tourism Destination Area must be a
community-driven process fueled by local organizations, leaders and people who
want to build on what they have and make it better. Through strategic tourism
development, communities can build towards increased visitor numbers and
revenue.
It has the following objectives: (i) increase the
operational capacity of local communities in tourism destinations to respond in
emergencies caused by natural disasters; (ii) support the adaptation efforts of
these communities to climate change; and (iii) reduce the impacts of natural
disasters to local communities in tourism destinations.
To develop a regional tour in a state of experienced
natural disasters, perhaps one must:
- Determine the hazards you could face: consider
hazardous materials spills, plane crashes, train derailments, i.e. those
hazards that may not be "natural". Local emergency managers can help
you determine the risks in your area.
- After you have identified the hazards, write
a plan: Make your plan based on the hazards, ex. Tsunami and flash
flood.
- Get three ways to get warnings. Sirens
are out-of-door warnings only. Get text alerts on your cell phone and email on
your computer. Have a battery powered AM/FM radio with extra batteries.
It states that the sustainability of tourism destinations
depends partly on their ability to adapt planning and management practices to
the impacts of climate change and also to increase their ability to effectively
manage natural disasters; and that it is the degree to which people are
prepared for disasters that determines how vulnerable or resilient their
community will be.
Question:
2) Apa tujuan dari perluasan daerah tujuan wisata?
Answer:
Visitors
want to explore Tourism Destination Areas that deliver 'must-see' attractions,
high-quality amenities and memorable experiences. Areas that achieve those
goals can generate significant traffic and revenue growth for their community,
but only by working together and building on existing infrastructure can
communities create an exceptional tourist destination area.
Tourism is an important part of the local economy in many developing
countries.
Tourism
is also an important part of countries’ economy and in less economically
developed countries such as those affected by the tsunami; the local economy
greatly relies upon the industry’s services for the livelihood of its
population.
The governments and
tourism industry associations in the affected countries, as well as the
Individual
businesses, worked quickly to encourage people to visit – pointing out that the
Tourism
industry is essential to the livelihoods of large parts of the population in
Indonesia
If
Indonesia understands how to appeal to the tourist then new jobs will be
generated for those who live here.
Improvement of tourist attractions consists of safety,
cleanliness, orderliness, comfort, beauty, hospitality, and enchanting memories.
Question:
3) Taman
Nasional Gunung Salak adalah salah satu suaka di Indonesia, sama
seperti Taman Nasional Gunung Gede-Pangrango Cibodas Jawa Barat, tetapi
kebanyakan orang lebih memilih Taman Nasional Gunung Gede-Pangrango
Cibodas.
Apakah Taman Nasional Gunung Gede-Pangrango Cibodas mempunyai kelebihan dariTaman Nasional Gunung Salak?
Answer:
National
Park Mount Gede-Pangrango Cibodas West Java
Gunung
Gede-Pangrango National Park is one of the first five national parks in
Indonesia with a total area of 15,196 hectares. The park is situated between
longitudes 106o51'
- 107o02'
east, and latitude 6o41'
- 6o51'
south. Gede
Pangrango is one of the wettest part of Java with a mean annual rainfall
between 3,000 and 4,000 mm. Its unique characteristics have made it a natural
laboratory for researchers since long before this time.
This National Park represents a distinct
diversity of ecosystems: a sub-montane ecosystem (characterized by many large,
tall trees like jamuju (Dacrycarpus imbricatus) and puspa (Schima wallichii), a
montane ecosystem, a sub-alpine ecosystem (characterized by grassy meadows of
Isachne pangerangensis, edelweiss flower (Anaphalis javanica), violet (Viola
pilosa), and sentigi (Vaccinium varingiaefolium)), a lake ecosystem, a
marshland ecosystem, and a savanna ecosystem.
Gunung
Gede-Pangrango is inhabited by 251 of the 450 bird species found in Java. Among
these are endangered species like the Javan Hawk-eagle and the Javan Scops Owl.
Among
the endangered mammal species in the Park it includes Leopard, Leopard Cat, Indian
Muntjac, Java Mouse-deer, Dhole, Malayan Porcupine, Sunda Stink Badger, and Yellow-throated
Marten.
This
National Park has some facilities that can
be enjoyed by visitors such as toilets, rooms, camping
ground, shelter, and food stalls.
Cibodas
gate is the most popular entrance gate and is the site of the park's
headquarters. Jakarta-Bogor-Cibodas is about 2.5 hours by car (100 km), or
Bandung-Cipanas-Cibodas is about 2 hours by car (75 km).
Entrance to this area is Rp.3,000 per person
(including insurance Rp.250) and parking fees are Rp.1,000 per motorcycle. While
the entrance to the Tourism Mount Salak Endah is Rp.7,000 per person including two-wheelers.
Best time of year to visit: June to September, when average monthly rainfall
drops below 100 mm.
Disadvantages:
The
mountain slopes are very steep and are cut into rapidly flowing stream, which
carve deep valleys and long ridges.
Curug
Seribu is the largest waterfall in Halimun-Salak National Park, Bogor Regency. However,
the roads to it are the toughest and most rugged, and better not go there
unless you enjoy a challenging physical journey and truly love nature in its
original form. Branch road leading to the parking lot alone is so
steep; drivers must drive with more caution. The waterfall is
located 500 meter from
the parking area with an extremely bad road conditions. It takes only half an
hour to reach the waterfall.
Curug
Seribu waterfall is on the part of the height of the cliff that
leads to the base of the waterfall. The
scenery along the way to the waterfall was very natural and beautiful. It is better not to carry a fairly heavy
camera bag. Carrying an umbrella for just in case it rains, and also as a
friend in the course of the rather long and lonely at this waterfall.
Curug
Seribu has the largest waterfall fine grains of water to spread in
all directions, and can make people wet in a radius of 30 meters in just a few
minutes. Pool formed at the base of waterfall visible in the picture above. It
was the end of the dry season, so the water flow can be two to three times as
much at the peak of the rainy season, and would be very dangerous to be on the
river when there is heavy rain.
Never bathe in the
waterfall thousand, very dangerous, because a very strong whirlpools.
Salak Mountain National Park:
Located
in West Java, Gunung Halimun - Salak, Sundanese for 'The Mountains of the
Mist', contains some of Indonesia's largest remaining lowland and montane
forest. With an approximately 40,000 hectares, Gunung Halimun - Salak National
Park represent the ecosystem types of lowland rain forest, sub montane forest. The
area has been a nature reserve since the 1930's; therefore in 1992 the
Government changed its status to a National Park.
Gunung
Halimun - Salak National Park is one of the most accessible volcanoes from
Jakarta but has not erupted since 1935. There are various routes on the
mountain range and despite being forested and generally lacking in views there
is a great deal of variety to be found on its slopes – craters, wildlife,
plants and numerous mountain peaks. It is the kind of mountain that cannot be
fully explored in a single hike – you need to try various routes to discover
the character of the mountain as a whole.
Each
year visitors come to Gunung Halimun - Salak National Park to explore
mountainous terrain, canyons, rivers and waterfalls, natural hot spring,
tropical forest and tea plantations in the middle of the park.
Gunung Halimun - Salak National Park is a
popular place of education clubs for lovers of nature, this is because terrain
and the forest that the meeting also rare climber who visit this mountain.
Salak
Mountain is part of Mount Halimun Salak National Park which is closed entirely
from December to March and August. As well as Idul Fitri. Hikers are supposed
to register before their hike.
Gunung
Halimun - Salak National Park is the most secure habitat, but its range is
restricted to a thin ring around the park as the species is not found above
1,200 meters.
More
than 200 species of endemic, rare of common birds including the endangered
Javan Hawk Eagle, as well as several species of primates, including Javan
Gibbon, Javan Leaf Monkey, and Black Leaf Monkey reside within the park. Two
species of bird, the spotted crocias (Crocias albonotatus)
and the Red Fronted Laughing Thrush (Garrulax rufifrons),
are threatened with extinction. The Javan Hawk Eagle, which is identical to
Indonesia's National Symbol, the Garuda, can be quite easily spotted in the
Park.
Among
the plants that dominate the forest areas of the park are Rasamala (Altingia
excelsa), Jamuju (Dacrycarpus imbricatus), and Puspa (Schima
wallichii). About 75 orchid species grow in the park and several of
them are categorized as endangered species, including Bulbophylum binnendykii,
Bulbophyllum angustifolium, Cymbidium ensifolium
and Dendrobium macrophyllum.
Inside
and around Gunung Halimun - Salak National Park also live ethnic Sundanese who
are integrated into the customs of societies called 'Kesatuan Masyarakat
Adat Kasepuhan Banten Kidul'.
Gunung
Halimun - Salak National Park has been frequently visited by pilgrims, because
there is a statue of worship in Salak Mountain peak. In addition there are also
grave at Salak Mountain. Meanwhile, at the foot of salak Mountain there are
many sacred places, one of which is the shrines and temples have also called
the Temple Prabu Siliwangi.
Around
the entrance, it has Wana Wisata places convenient for camping; there are also
many food stalls. This Park is equipped with a canopy trail - a walkway suspended
between trees - which offers visitors a glimpse of the activities of birds and
other wildlife living in the forest canopy. Colourful wildlife, thundering
waterfalls and pristine rivers guarantee an unforgettable experience,
particularly for visitors from big cities.
How To Get There: This national
park can be reached in two ways:
•
From Bogor through Pelabuhan Ratu and Bayah by public transport takes about 1
hour, then from Bayah to the park by foot or ojek (passenger motorcycle).
•
From Bogor to Rangkasbitung takes 2 hours, then take an ojek from Rankasbitung
for another 2 hours.
Permits: Available at most of the
entrance points. At the information centre on the road to the Javana Spa,
tickets costs Rp2,500 per person for Indonesians and KITAS holders, but if
you’re a foreigner they will almost certainly try to charge you the Rp20,000 ‘tourist
price’. Serious access issues remain for Salak 2 despite it having been a
common hiking route for decades before the trail was closed in 1999.
Disadvantages:
It has
a path that is quite difficult for the beginner climber because cross path that
we rarely find the backup of water in the post unless
The
climb should be done in the dry season, because in the rainy season as the path
becomes muddy and slippery swamp. Also the wind is often blowing hard.
Question:
4) Bagaimana
cara mengembangkan daerah Taman Nasional Gunung Salak pada saat kondisi
seperti ini yg dimana sering terjadi bencana alam?
Answer:
By observing
first then ask questions such as:
·
Does Mount Salak National Park area have strong leadership?
·
What established infrastructure already
exists in your community, on which you can build and expand?
·
Do you know the pros and cons of your location?
·
Do the residents in your community support
further development of sustainable tourism?
Afterwards, make a plan how to improve and develop the area
and lastly to imply the plan and make an evaluation.
Question:
5) Bagaimana peran masyarakat dan pemda setempat dalam mengembangkan daerah Taman Nasional Gunung Salak untuk kedepannya?
Answer:
Role of communities:
The
right of public access gives people the right to experience natural
environments without necessarily visiting protected areas. Because of the populated
areas, the level of land development and degradation is restricted, allowing
people to enjoy comparatively unspoiled nature. Also, the
inclusion of local communities has received specific emphasis and the need for protected area management to have an
‘outward focus.’
Communities living in or
near the protected area,
visitors and other users of parks will feel a far
greater commitment to park management objectives and practices if they have the
opportunity to be involved in determining those ends and means gives a sense of ‘ownership.’
Communities give greater support
for the protection of the area. The success of a plan will depend on public
and political support. It is essential to maintain regular communication with
the public on decisions that affect them, and on
the protection and use of the protected area.
Greater
public involvement in
decision-making, helping people to be aware of [and to feel they can influence] changes in management
direction.
Role of local
Government:
- Provide a basis
for the efforts of the national park movement over the decades that follow.
- To protect, and allow access
to the countryside, for the benefit of the nation.
- Sets up a committee to
prepare for National Park legislation.
- Government passes an Act of
Parliament to establish National Parks to preserve and enhance their natural
beauty and provide recreational opportunities for the public.
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